The tea board of kenya is mandated to license tea manufacturing factories. Pakistan is the biggest importer of kenyas tea, singlehandedly importing approximately 27 per. In 2015, kenya was the largest tea exporter of tea, accounting to 25% of total global exports followed by china and sri lanka standing at 18% and 17% respectively while india accounted. Should global warming cause temperatures to rise by 2 degrees celsius, large areas of kenya currently suited to growing tea would become unsuitable. Global demand for tea is growing despite sustainability challenges tea, a dried leafinfused beverage derived from the leaves of a small shrub originally from china, has become the worlds second most popular beverage after water, with 3 billion cups consumed every day across the world. It also has recently emerged as a major source of innovation in new varieties of tea and singleorigin artisan teas. Much of the tea grown in kenya is processed using the crush, tear, curl method, making it suitable for use in blends popular in most blacktea markets, including india, britain and north america.
Most kenya tea is grown in the highlands west of the rift valley, at high altitudes between 1500 to 2700 meters. Kenya tea liquors range between good medium to very fine qualities, attributes that make kenya tea the most sought after beverage in the world. Kenyas teaswhere they grow, types of tea, climate and terrain. Centered habit, this medium roast has a light nutty flavor. Force also made reference to key documents such as economic recovery. Other major shareholders include brooke bond kenya limited unilever tea, james finlay, williamson tea and eastern produce epk among others who together own 38 tea processing factories, and produce about 40% of the tea produced in kenya. Tea is picked every 17 days and the best kenyan tea is picked in february and march. Kenyas teaswhere they grow, types of tea, climate and. Sustainability and voluntary certification in the kenyan. Effects of foliar fertilizer application on quality of tea. Kericho region, in particular, is where most of the largescale tea plantations are found. Kenyas tea production, export and consumption quantities. Best time for tea growing season in kenya 2020 when.
This study is about smallholder tea growing in belgut division of kericho. Table 1 compares kenyas key tea industry indicators over the past decade with those of the top five world tea exporters. Tea directorate, kenya the tea directorate is a department of the agriculture and food authority afa. Effects of foliar fertilizer application on quality of tea camellia sinensis grown in the kenyan highlands rachael njeri e. The case of the smallholder tea sector in kenya kilimo trust. For exanlple in kenya, 14 clonal cultivars now account for 28% and 80% ofall tea in the estate and small holder sectors. Also which new orthodox specialty green, white, and black teas being exported and to look for.
Two british companies brooke bond and james finlay then decided to fundamentally transform kenyan production. Pdf sustainable methods of addressing challenges facing. In 1965 the kenya tea development authority or ktda was formed to help promote and support the smallholder farmers. Kenyan tea has been the leading major foreign exchange earner for the country. Sustainability and voluntary certification in the kenyan tea. Farming of tea in kenya has been proven to be one of the greatest sources of income for kenyan farmers. Our tea trading offices in kenya, malawi, india and the uk combine to provide total solutions to the tea trade by way of procurement, warehousing and blending services. In june 2000, the government privatized the organization and renamed it the kenya tea development agency ktda. Tea production, area harvested and yield in kenya, 20012010. Processing of tea pdf tea processing is the method in which the leaves from the tea plant camellia. The production of tea at both small and large scale is important in a number of ways that can be considered to be of great help in expanding the economic growth of the country.
Sustainability and voluntary certification in the kenyan tea sector iii executive summary voluntary sustainability certification vsc has grown rapidly in kenya over the past decade, driven by significant buyer demand for rainforest alliance ra certification. The very first african tea bushes were planted in kenya in 1903 when european settlers experimented by planting a few tea bushes on a small two acre parcel of land in limuru, in kenya s kiambu district. Problems facing tea production tea farming in kenya. Kenya is the largest tea growing country in africa, ranking fourth in world tea production and third in exports in 2008. Tea had been grown in kenya on an experimental basis since 1903. Brooke bond first established a branch in kenya in 1922 to tnarket its tea. The ktda is an agent for kenyan tea smallholders, and it was created upon privatization of the kenya tea development authority in june 2000. Janssens encyclopedia of life support systems eolss arabica, 64% of world production and robusta coffea canephora, var. Contribution of tea production and exports to food security. This conceptual paper addresses the challenges facing the small holder tea sector in kenya. The land use pattern can be described as a concentric arrangement of diff erent types of land use around mt.
Ktda has imported 76, 153 metric tonnes of fertiliser for distribution to small scale tea farmers. Teas of kenyatypes of tea, where and how they are grown and made. The european union is a significant trading partner to kenya. Half a million smallholders produce two thirds of kenyas tea and co. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vo. Smallholder members of the ktda grow and process in excess of 60% of kenya s tea. C50615012010 a research project in environmental planning and management, for the award of a master of arts degree in environmental planning and management in the. Kenya, in east africa, is the thirdlargest fourth in some past years producer of tea worldwide, and is the only country in africa to produce a substantial amount of tea for the world market. Teas of kenyatypes of tea, where and how they are grown. Wachira2 1department of chemistry, university of nairobi, nairobi, kenya 2tea research foundation of kenya, kericho, kenya. Kenya tea development agencys predecessor the kenya tea development authority, was established in 1964 by an act of parliament as a parastatal charged with the responsibility of developing and fostering the young and nascent small scale growers sector.
The tea estates are situated near the equator westwards from mount kenya. In addition to tea, i am assessing the impacts of climate change on the quality, culture, and ecology of sugar maple acer saccharum, sapindaceae resources in the united states and canada from its northern to southern range. This diversity allows many crops to be introduced and grown successfully. Oct 29, 2017 kenya is located on the equator and has a mostly semiarid tropical climate, with steppe and semidesert in the lowlying areas, and montane forests at the higher altitudes. Tea is one of kenyas main foreign exchange earners. By the 1880s, indian tea supplanted chinese tea in the british market ottuv 852. The development of tea farming in kenya is closely linked to the countrys. At the time, there were about 20,000 smallholder farmers in kenya cultivating about 400 hectares of tea. Tea is grown at elevations between 5000 and 7000 feet. A comparative study of the tea sector in kenya a case study of large scale tea estates khrc, 2008. Kenya is about the most unique tea growing region as youll ever find.
Kenya kenyan teas tea producing regions of kenya ratetea. Therefore, this study was aimed at addressing the effect of. Tea bushes yield the bestquality tea between 18 and 32 degrees celsius. Africas farmers are among the most vulnerable to climate change, despite having the worlds lowest rate of greenhouse gas emissions per person.
Tea production has been reported to make use of child labor according to the u. In 1954 smallholder tea cultivation commenced under the swynnerton plan with. Tea production, processing and marketing in kenya is under management of two sectors. Tea was first introduced in kenya in 1903 by gwl caine and was planted in presentday limuru. Shortly after independence from britain in 1963, kenyas new government established the kenya tea development authority to support smallholder tea farmers and market their tea internationally. Robusta, 35% types, cultivated worldwide on an estimated area of 10. The general mandate of afa tea directorate, as guided by the crops act 20 and afa mission, is to develop, promote, and regulate the tea industry in kenya for profitability and sustainability. Subsequently, the expansion has contributed to forest loss due to fuel demand in the tea processing factories. In kenya, the tea sector is divided in to production systems or subsectors. Valley arcade shopping center po box 41079 00100 nairobi, kenya tel. This development has been coupled with rapid growth in participation in the fair.
It is a private company and the leading tea management agency of kenya. The best teas are grown in the regati region of eastern kenya. Tea growing in kenya has been expanding into the aberdare forest where the physical condition for its growth is good and economic returns are profitable. Kenya also plays a leading role in auctioning east african tea, although it is facing a growing chal lenge from the dubai tea trading centre dttc. The objectives of the study were to determine the effects of the cost of farm inputs on profitability of small scale tea farmers and to establish the effect of the physical. Tea plucking machines are currently being used by multinationals. E v preface subsaharan africa is home to almost 900 million people, 60% of whom are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Download 537 kenya tea stock photos for free or amazingly low rates. The following are the major tea production areas in kenya. Department of labors report on the worst forms of child labor in 20 and more recently according to the departments list of goods produced by child labor or forced labor.
Kenya tea development authority to support smallholder tea farmers and market their tea internationally. Tea production has contributed significantly to the kenyan economy. Astride the equator, with 1500 and 2700 metres above the sea level, kenyan highland tea plantations are situated on both sides of great rift valley, including areas around mt. A temperature of 21c during the growing season of not less than eight months is ideal. Climatically, tea belongs to the monsoon lands where high temperatures, long growing season and heavy rainfall help the growth of tea plants. Tropical, volcanic red soils and well distributed rainfall ranging between 1200mm to 1400mm per annum that alternates with long sunny days. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. The research was carried out from april to july 2007 and embraced key stakeholders in. In addition, due to limited awareness of opportunities associated with tea growing, the sector has continued to. The study was aimed at establishing factors affecting the profitability of small scale tea growing in kenya. Kenya tea development agency which manages approximately six. Kenya prides itself as the producer of the best black tea in the world due to the good agronomical and manufacturing practices and the ideal tea growing conditions. Tea bought from the auction may be exported or packed and sold locally.
Most tea produced in kenya is black tea, with green tea, yellow tea, and white tea produced on order by major tea producers. Growth and production of coffee encyclopedia of life. The problem is that even when our farmers are paid the bonus, the bonus paid out in some areas in kenya is kshs5 to kshs8 more than in our areas. Kenya tea stock photos download 537 royalty free photos. Tea is one of kenya s main foreign exchange earners. The first kenyan tea was cultivated in 1903 in limuru in the kiambu district, planted by a european settler named caine on a small, two acre parcel of land. The tea growing regions in kenya are endowed with the ideal climate for tea. In 1823, tea was discovered growing in northern india, but the british did not organize its cultivation until 1834, under the direction of governor general lord william henry cavendish britannica 738. It provides background information about tea growing in kenya, its export performance, and. Like in several other countries, only a few clones and their progenies, which may represent a small fraction ofthe total available diversity are now grown. Tea production in kenya has been consistently increasing through the past decades mainly because of the. The british centered their tea production in india. Adaptation and mitigation in the kenyan tea industry unido. The ecosystem services provided by the tana river play an important.
Over 90% of tea from kenya is hand picked, only the finest top leaves and the bud is used for tea production which is the reason for the high quality and aroma. The tea sector is a prominent pillar of kenyas vision 2030. The paper discusses the tea farming enterprise contribution to the well being of the smallholders tea farmers in central and western highlands of. Oct 02, 2017 tea bought from the auction may be exported or packed and sold locally. Kenya, mau escarpment, nandi and kisii highlands and the aberdares. Assessment of kenyas tea industry 2017, trends, share. Exploring the tea growing regions of kenya, the types and styles of tea grown there as well as the climate, and harvesting and plucking schedule. Smallscale tea research in kenya cpda together in development iv foreword this is a report on research undertaken on the tea sector in kenya targeting the smallscale tea farmers who contribute over 60% of tea production in kenya. Tree m coffee company pahala, kau enlightened habits, lightly flavored fruity tones. Pakistan is the biggest importer of kenyas tea, singlehandedly importing approximately 27 per cent of kenyas total tea. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for tea in kenya.
Characterisation of white tea comparison to green and black tea pdf. Suitable conditions required for the growth of tea. The harvest can be collected all year round, but the pea. For companies, there is an equally compelling case to engage smallholder. Other tea farming also takes place in the highlands east of the rift valley as well as in central kenya. Valley arcade shopping center po box 41079 00100 nairobi, kenya. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for tea in kenya food and. Tea sector i 1 although china and india are the leading global tea producers, kenya is the third largest tea producer and the largest producer of black tea. Kenya is grown by smallholders, who almost exclusively belong to the kenya tea development agency ktda. Ctc tea has a homogenous taste and a strong generic, bold tea flavour and is the base of most indian tea blends as well as a significant portion of breakfast teas. These farmers own over 60 tea processing factories countrywide and produces over 60% of all the kenyan tea.
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